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The Problem of the “Seventy Stadia”
Interpreting Leonard of Scio’s Measurement
If the phrase “seventy stadia” in Leonard of Scio’s account is understood in its ordinary and classical meaning, the result...
The Account of Leonard of Scio and the Question of Distance
Leonard of Scio’s Statement on the Distance
According to Leonard of Scio, Archbishop of Mytilene and a contemporary witness to the siege of Constantinople, the...
Strengths of the Dolmabahçe Route Despite Its Length
A Longer Route, but Not an Impossible One
Although the Dolmabahçe route was longer than the road from Tophane, this disadvantage was not serious. The...
The Confusion Over the Gate’s Name
Historians do not agree about the true name of a certain entrance in the walls of Constantinople. Some believe that this gate is the...
The Golden Gate and the Changing Fortunes of the Byzantine Empire
The Golden Gate of Constantinople played an important role in the city's military and political history. This gate was not only a symbol of...
Ceremonial Uses of the Golden Gate
The Golden Gate (Porta Aurea) of Constantinople was not just a part of the city’s strong fortifications—it also served as the main ceremonial entrance...
Fraudulent Naturalization Claims
The United States diplomatic and consular officials in Turkey receive daily applications for certificates from Armenians who claim to be naturalized U.S. citizens. However,...
Rigorous Inspections for Leaving Constantinople
When passengers are leaving Constantinople, their luggage is inspected just as thoroughly as when they arrive. Customs officers often demand larger bribes from travelers...
Chaotic Arrival at the Port
When the steamer drops anchor in Constantinople, the gangplank is quickly surrounded by a loud, wild crowd of boatmen. They yell and grab at...
Carriages from the Harem
When a carriage arrived with a black man sitting in the footman’s place, we knew it carried ladies from the Sultan’s harem, with a...
